How to Write a CDI Rebuttal – The Complete 2026 Guide for Service Members

TLDR – A Strong CDI Rebuttal Can Reverse Findings, Protect Your Career, and Stop Administrative Action Before It Starts

A Command Directed Investigation (CDI) is often the first step in a chain of administrative actions that can lead to reprimands, nonjudicial punishment, adverse evaluations, separation boards, or even court-martial. Many service members mistakenly believe the CDI is “no big deal,” but the findings become part of your official record and frequently drive command decisions. A well-written rebuttal allows you to correct errors, present your version of events, and undermine unsupported conclusions before they become permanent.

• CDI findings often become the foundation for GOMORs, NJP, separations, and BOIs.
• You have the right to submit a written rebuttal before the appointing authority approves the report.
• A strategic rebuttal focuses on facts, inconsistencies, procedural flaws, context, and mitigation.
• A weak rebuttal — or none at all — allows incorrect findings to stand unchallenged.
• Your rebuttal becomes part of the official investigative packet reviewed by commanders and legal offices.

What a CDI Actually Is

A Command Directed Investigation is an administrative inquiry ordered by a commander to gather facts about an allegation, workplace issue, performance concern, or other event affecting good order and discipline. The investigator is usually an officer with limited investigative experience, guided by a legal advisor. Their findings and recommendations are not final until the commander reviews the report and any rebuttal you submit.

Because investigators are not professionally trained and often rely on hearsay, assumptions, or incomplete interviews, rebuttals play a critical role in correcting the record.

Why Your CDI Rebuttal Matters

The rebuttal is your one chance to respond before a commander signs off on findings that may follow you for years. CDI findings frequently justify:

• Letters of reprimand or counseling
• NJP / Article 15 actions
• Administrative separations
• Officer elimination / Boards of Inquiry
• Removal from positions or leadership roles
• Security clearance concerns

Without a rebuttal, the commander may assume you agree with the findings or that you have no evidence in your favor.

How to Structure a CDI Rebuttal

A successful CDI rebuttal is organized, factual, and easy for a commander to follow. A recommended structure looks like this:

1. Professional Opening

Begin respectfully, acknowledging receipt of the investigation and your right to respond. Do not attack the investigator personally — always focus on facts and process.

2. Statement of Purpose

State that your intent is to clarify facts, correct inaccuracies, and provide context not included in the investigation.

3. Point-by-Point Rebuttal

Address each problematic finding or conclusion in numbered format. Avoid emotion; stick to evidence, inconsistencies, documentation, and logic.

• Identify statements that contradict witness testimony.
• Highlight missing interviews or ignored evidence.
• Clarify misunderstandings or incorrect assumptions.
• Attach supporting documents or statements.

4. Present Favorable Evidence

Include timelines, messages, emails, policy references, training records, performance documentation, and witness statements that support your account.

5. Context and Mitigation

If appropriate, provide operational, environmental, personal, or medical context that explains decisions or behavior — without portraying yourself as making excuses.

6. Closing Request

Ask the commander to reject or modify unsupported findings and consider your complete service record when evaluating the investigation.

What NOT to Do in a CDI Rebuttal

• Do not attack the investigator or commander.
• Do not write emotionally or defensively.
• Do not admit wrongdoing out of frustration or confusion.
• Do not submit long, unfocused narratives.
• Do not ignore clearly false or unsupported allegations.

Common CDI Problems You Can Challenge in Your Rebuttal

• Failure to interview key witnesses
• Reliance on single-source hearsay
• Misinterpretation of policy or regulations
• Unsupported conclusions or leaps in logic
• Ignoring exculpatory evidence
• Errors in timelines or documentation
• Bias or inconsistent treatment compared to similar cases

Examples of CDI Rebuttal Arguments

Example 1 – Missing Witness Interviews

The investigator relied heavily on one witness but never interviewed others present at the scene. The rebuttal highlights the gap and includes witness statements that contradict the allegation.

Example 2 – Misinterpreted Emails or Chats

Digital messages were taken out of context. The rebuttal includes the full conversation thread showing tone, intent, and timing.

Example 3 – Flawed Timeline

The report misstates when events occurred. The rebuttal includes duty logs, timestamps, or location data showing an accurate timeline.

Example 4 – Inaccurate Policy Interpretation

The finding claims a policy violation that does not apply to the situation. The rebuttal references the correct regulatory language and explains applicability.

Example 5 – Unsupported Finding of “Poor Judgment”

The investigation offers an opinion without evidence. The rebuttal demonstrates operational constraints, resource limitations, and alternative interpretations of the event.

Five Key Tips for Writing an Effective CDI Rebuttal

• Tip 1: Stay calm, professional, and factual — no emotion.
• Tip 2: Organize your rebuttal clearly with numbered sections.
• Tip 3: Use evidence, not opinion, to challenge conclusions.
• Tip 4: Show inconsistencies without accusing investigators of bad faith.
• Tip 5: Consult military legal counsel or experienced defense lawyers to structure your response.

Military Law Resources

Your rights, board procedures, and rebuttal opportunities may vary by branch. Familiarize yourself with:

• Service regulations on administrative investigations
• Command policies and supplemental guidance
• Procedures for written rebuttals
• Deadlines for submitting responses

Protect Your Career With a Strong CDI Rebuttal

Your rebuttal is often the only document presenting your side of the story in the investigative packet. Commanders reviewing the case months or years later see only the report and your written response. A strong, structured rebuttal protects your credibility, preserves your record, and prevents administrative escalation.

➤ Get help preparing your CDI rebuttal.

Strategic Support for CDI Responses

A successful CDI rebuttal is not a simple written statement — it is a legal and strategic document addressing evidence, policy, context, and investigative errors. Experienced military defense lawyers can help you build a rebuttal that withstands scrutiny and prevents long-term damage.

➤ Speak with a military defense lawyer about your CDI rebuttal.